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Understanding and Tackling Mould in Your Home: A Comprehensive Guide
Welcome to the Full Cleanse Cleaning Blog!
Mould is more than just an unsightly nuisance—it’s a health hazard that can affect the wellbeing of everyone in your household. It thrives in damp, dark environments and can be a persistent problem in your home enviroment. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the various types of mould commonly found in homes, effective treatment methods, DIY solutions for removal, and strategies to prevent future mould growth..
Firstly, let discuss what even is mould? Yeah, well we know it starts to form on food left in the back of the fridge, or in those school lunch boxes stashed away during the school holidays. But none of us can really describe it more than some yucky toxic spores, or a reminder that we just need to clean more often (as if we dont clean enough..).
Most of us *me specifically* diiiiidn’t exactly excel in science in school, so I’ll give both the nerdy and formal explanantion of what mould is, and also break it down to a simpler method that will help us understand the subject a little easier!
Mould - what even the hell is it?
*Cue PHd in Science* - Mould is a diverse group of fungi that reproduce via microscopic spores. Scientifically, moulds are classified in the kingdom Fungi and belong to several phyla (a group of organisms with a certain degree of morphological and developmental similarity), including Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. They grow in environments with high humidity and organic material. Moulds are heterotrophic organisms, meaning they obtain nutrients by breaking down organic matter through enzyme secretion. This process releases nutrients essential for their growth. Mould can produce mycotoxins, which are secondary metabolites harmful to humans and animals, potentially causing allergic reactions, respiratory issues, and other health problems.
*Ahhhh, the Layman’s term* - Mould is a type of fungus that thrives in moist, warm environments. It reproduces by releasing tiny spores into the air, which can settle on surfaces and grow if conditions are right. Mould can appear as patches or stains in various colors, including black, green, white, or pink. It can grow on many surfaces, such as wood, paper, and fabric, and can lead to health problems for humans AND animals, including allergies and respiratory issues.
Now, lets not get excited, I started to get hungry at the sound of fungi, and thought longingly about making some creamy mushrooms for breakfast however, THIS type of fungi is one we certainly want to avoid! Many of us have seen black mould, pink mould or even white mould. It’s easy to spot and can build up fairly quickly, even with regular cleaning, so don’t feel too bad - its everywhere! Now that we all gained a couple of extra IQ points this morning (or afternoon), let’s delve deeper into the different types of mould, and where they can most commonly occur!
Before we get too much further, lets take a poll on some sneaky locations…
Where do you think you’d find the most mould in your home?
0%In my fridge, its a leftover fiesta :O
0%Bottom corners of the shower - it just builds up so fast!
0%Deep down behind the couch, I’ve avoided it for a while now…
0%Behind some curtains, having a field day on my window sills!
Different Types of Mould in a Domestic Environment
Black Mould (Stachybotrys chartarum) - THE MOST COMMONLY KNOWN
Black mould, scientifically known as Stachybotrys chartarum, is perhaps the most notorious type of mould found in our home. It is recognised by its dark green or black appearance and is frequently found in areas with significant water damage, such as leaky roofs, flooded basements and even commonly on windowsills and under beds!
Black mould produces mycotoxins, which can cause a range of health issues, from respiratory problems to weakened immune systems.
2. Pink Mould (Fusarium)
Pink mould, or Fusarium, is another common type found in homes, particularly in bathrooms (especially around sink plugs and faucets) and on shower curtains. Unlike black mould, pink mould does not produce mycotoxins, but it can still cause health issues and is unsightly. It thrives in moist environments and can be an indicator of a bigger moisture problem.
Green mould includes species like Aspergillus and Penicillium. These types of mould are common in various household areas, including walls, floors, and food (think that stale old bread loaf, and the super soft mouldy orange in the fruit basket no one has touched). They are known for their green coloration and can cause allergic reactions and respiratory issues. Penicillium is also known for its role in antibiotic production, but its presence in homes is generally unwelcome.
4. White Mould (Cladosporium and Alternaria)
White mould, such as Cladosporium and Alternaria, appears as white or light grey patches on surfaces. It is often found in poorly ventilated areas, on older 70’s furniture you’ve wanted to restore, and up in the dark, moisture ridden crawl spaces. White mould can cause allergic reactions and severe respiratory issues. White mould can be mistaken for dust, making it important to address it promptly. While this type of white mould is harmful to humans and animals - it’s not to be mistaken for the delicious white rind found on the finest French double cream d’affinois cheese. This stuff is the goods!!
Symptoms of mould exposure in humans
Runny or blocked nose
Brain fog
Nausea
Asthma attacks - if asthmatic
Chronic fatigue
Headaches and migraines
Digestive stresses
Coughing
Respiratory problems
Skin rashes and irritations
Low mood and/or anxiety
Itchy eyes
Wheezing and throat irritation
If you’re in any kind of doubt, have a mould hunt around the home and see if you can spots any hides spots for where mould has secretly been growing. Check behind big drapes, couches and underneath beds! Some other areas which are perfect conditions for mould to grow are cardboard boxes sitting on the ground in your garage - have a good look and see what’s lurking about.
Facts About Mould
Mould is a weirdly fascinating subject, and I can understand why there’s been in-depth scientifical studies on its effects and uses in our lives! Check out some facts below that you may or may not have known!
There are over 100,000 different types of mould!
We eat mould! - drools at Gorgonzola
Mould ISN’T the same as mildew - these two are both types of fungus, but two seperate species.
Mould has been used in warfare 😵 - specifically the T-2 Mycotoxin was suspected to be the major ingredient in the deadly ‘yellow rain’ used in the Vietnam and Cold Wars.
Asthma suffers can experience harsher symptoms of mould exposure due to inhalation of spores.
Mould is linked to depression 😓
Penicillium mould is the active ingredient in penicillin - phew, luckily I’m allergic to penicillin!
Mould can grow on many surfaces and will start developing within 24-48 hours.
For mould to grow, it needs 3 core things:
Moisture- dampness, wetness, anything area or item that doesn’t have access to proper ventilation.
Food source - organic material (like wood or paper), clothes, carpets and couches are commonly overlooked.
Humidity - a suitable warm temperature. (Instantly I think Bali, surely they’ll have some issues with mould).
Effective Treatment Methods
Now just because you have some mould build up - or start seeing a few new black, pink and green colours around the house, doesn’t necessarily mean you need to drop thousands of $$ on commercial specialised expert to come and remove this mould for you. In saying that, there is a degree that can be managed safely at home, and there DEFINITELY is a time where we need to outsource this job to the pros!
Small amounts of build up around windows, window sills, walls and in your bathroom are certainly manageable for us little house bunnies! Here a couple of treatment methods that can work to your advantage and PLEASE - NEVER USE BLEACH TO KILL MOULD. Why? Because the old urban myth that bleach eliminates is completely outdated. Why, you might ask? Well it’s because bleach doesn’t actually KILL mould, especially in porous surfaces. Mould has roots (hyphae) that penetrate deep into porous surfaces such as wood, couches and shower curtains. these roots grow deep to seek out new organic matter as a food source to help the mould continue to grow!
Cleaning with Vinegar and Baking Soda
- Vinegar: White vinegar is a natural anti-fungal and can kill many types of mould. To use it, fill a spray bottle with undiluted vinegar and spray the affected area. Allow it to sit for at least an hour before scrubbing and rinsing with water.
- Baking Soda: Baking soda helps to absorb moisture and can be used in conjunction with vinegar. Create a paste by mixing baking soda with water and apply it to the mouldy area. Scrub and rinse off the paste after it has dried.
Commercial Mould Cleaners
For more severe mould problems, commercial mould cleaners may be necessary. Look for products that are specifically designed to kill mould and mildew, and ensure to ask the store staff for their professional advice and recommendations for effective products for your specific requirements! Be sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully and use these products in a well-ventilated area. Don’t go knocking yourself out now!
Hydrogen Peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide sounds scary, but it’s really not. It’s common uses in the past have been as a disinfectant for treating cuts and kill germs, and as an antibacterial, antifungal, antivral household cleaner. It’s sold casually in the medicine section at Woolies and is another effective mould killer. Mix equal parts of hydrogen peroxide and water in a spray bottle and apply it to the affected area. Let it sit for about 10 minutes, then scrub and rinse.
DIY Mould Removal Recipes
Vinegar and Baking Soda Solution:
- Ingredients:
- 1 cup white vinegar
- 1 cup water
- 1/2 cup baking soda
- Instructions:
1. Mix the vinegar and water in a spray bottle.
2. Spray the affected area and sprinkle baking soda over it.
3. Allow the mixture to sit for 10-15 minutes.
4. Scrub the area with a brush or sponge, then rinse with clean water.
Lemon Juice and Salt Solution:
- Ingredients:
- 1/2 cup lemon juice
- 1/2 cup salt
- Instructions:
1. Mix lemon juice and salt to create a thick paste.
2. Apply the paste to the mouldy surface.
3. Let it sit for 30 minutes, then scrub and rinse.
Tips to Reduce Mould Growth
Control Moisture Levels
- Fix Leaks: Regularly check for and repair leaks in your home’s plumbing, roof, and windows.
- Use Dehumidifiers: Dehumidifiers help to reduce indoor humidity levels, making it harder for mould to thrive - I love those little blue and white ones from the Reject Shop!
- Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation in high-moisture areas such as bathrooms and kitchens. Use exhaust fans and open windows when possible.
Clean Regularly
- Clean and Dry Surfaces: Regularly clean and dry surfaces, especially in areas prone to dampness. Use mould-resistant cleaners and materials where possible.
- Check and Clean HVAC Systems: Regularly inspect and clean your heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems (targeting the filters) to prevent mould growth in these areas. You’ll be surprised at how quickly the dust and mould can build up!
Use Mould-Resistant Products
- Mould-Resistant Paints: Consider using mould-resistant paints and primers in high-risk areas like bathrooms and kitchens.
- Mould-Resistant Building Materials: Use mould-resistant drywall and insulation when renovating or building.
Monitor Indoor Humidity
- Humidity Levels: Keep indoor humidity levels between 30% and 50%. You can use a hygrometer to monitor humidity levels in your home. Gosh, no one loves that feeling of getting off the plane in Queensland or Bali, straight into a damp, warm swamp! Let’s try to reduce that humidity in our homes, our family and animals will thank us for it - esssssspecially our hair 😂
Conclusion
By now, we should all have a better understanding of what mould is, the different types of mould and the problems they can cause! This is the first step in maintaining a healthy home environment. While we can’t eliminate mould entirely, due to it even being inside our bodies, learning effective treatment and prevention strategies, including DIY solutions and professional products, can help you manage and prevent mould growth in your home. By controlling moisture, cleaning regularly, minimisation humidity and using mould-resistant products, you can significantly reduce the risk of mould issues in your home. With these tips, you’ll be well-equipped to keep your living space safe and mould-free.
If in doubt, give the team at Full Cleanse Cleaning a call on 0413 426 050 to discuss your specific mouldy situation, and we can see what options are available for effective mould treatment in your home. Let us help you protect your family and animals, one spore removal at a time.
Lastly,
Why did the mould go to school?
“To implore it’s spore-tacular knowledge”
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